Jyotirao Phule: Biography,Facts Social Changes महात्मा जोतिराव फुले
Jyotirao Phule was a social activist, social reformer, thinker, and writer from India who is well-known for his work to educate women and empower the Dalit community.. He is remembered for his changes to society and culture.
Who was Jyotirao Phule?
Jyotirao "Jyotiba" Govindrao Phule was a well-known social reformer and thinker in India in the nineteenth century. He led the movement against the widespread caste system in India. He battled for the privileges of laborers and others from lower stations and rebelled contrary to the Brahmins' standard. Dhananjay Keer, Phule's biographer, claims that Phule was given the title "Mahatma" by Vithalrao Krishnaji Vandekar, a fellow reformer from Bombay. Mahatma Jyotiba Phule was a pioneer for women's rights in India and fought for girls' education throughout his life. It is said that he established the first Hindu orphanage for ill children.
Jyotirao Phule Biography
In 1827, Jyotirao Govindrao Phule was brought into the world in Maharashtra's Satara region. His father, Govindrao, owned a vegetable stand in Poona. Jyotirao's family was originally called "Gorhay," and they belonged to the "mali" caste. Brahmins avoided Malis in social settings because they were thought to be of a lower caste. The family took on the name "Phule" because of Jyotirao's dad and uncles functioning as flower specialists. His mother passed away when Jyotirao was only nine months old.
Jyotirao was a bright young man who had to stop going to school at a young age because his family didn't have enough money. He began by assisting his father and working on the family farm. The little genius's father was encouraged to enroll him in school by a neighbor who saw his talent. In 1841, Mahatma Jyotirao Phule enrolled at the Scottish Mission High School in Poona. He received his diploma there in 1847. There, he met a Brahmin named Sadashiv Ballal Govande, who stayed close to him throughout his life. When Jyotirao was just thirteen years old, he tied the knot with Savitribai.
Mahatma Jyotirao Phule's philosophy
An incident that inspired Jyotiba to fight against the social injustice of caste discrimination sparked a social revolution in Indian society in 1848. Jyotirao was invited to a friend's wedding who belonged to a Brahmin family of high caste. However, the bridegroom's family humiliated and tortured Jyotiba at the wedding when they learned of his roots. Mahatma Jyotirao ran away from the ceremony because he was determined to challenge the caste system and other social constraints that were in place. He made it his life's main goal to perseveringly push against social majoritarian predominance and pursued the liberation surprisingly who were impacted by this social shamefulness.
Jyotirao Phule Contribution to Education
Jyotirao Phule's wife, Savitribai Phule, supported his efforts to ensure that girls and women had the right to an education. Savitribai, one of only a handful of exceptional proficient ladies of her day, figured out how to peruse and compose from her better half Jyotirao. In 1851, Jyotirao Phule established a girls' school and invited his wife to teach the students there. Later, he established the Mahars and Mangs, two additional schools for girls and an indigenous school for people from lower castes, respectively.
Jyotiba established an ashram for young widows after realizing the deplorable conditions faced by widows and eventually came to support the idea of widow remarriage. His time's general public was male centric, and ladies' status was particularly horrifying. Both female infanticide and child marriage were common, and minors occasionally got married to much older men. These women frequently lost their husbands before they reached adolescence, leaving them without any family support. In 1854, in response to Jyotiba's distress over their predicament, he established an orphanage to safeguard these petty children from society's cruelties.
Jyotirao Phule as Social Reformer
The conventional Brahmins and other upper positions were gone after by Mahatma Jyotirao and marked as "charlatans." He ran a campaign against authoritarianism and urged the "peasants" and "proletariat" to resist limitations.
He welcomed guests from various castes and backgrounds into his home. He was in favor of gender parity, and he put his beliefs into action by including his wife in all of his efforts to implement social reform. He thought that the Brahmins used religious figures like Rama to oppress the lower caste.
Jyotirao's actions enraged the traditional Brahmins in the society. They said that he had tampered with social norms and regulations. He was accused of addressing the Christian Evangelists by quite a few people. Jyotirao, on the other hand, was adamant and decided to continue the movement. It's fascinating to take note of that Jyotirao had a few Brahmin colleagues who loaned their help to the development's prosperity.
Satya Shodhak Samaj, Jyotirao Phule
Jyotiba Phule founded the Satya Shodhak Samaj in the year 1873. (Society of Seekers of Truth). He conducted a methodical deconstruction of historical ideas and beliefs before rebuilding one that promoted equality. The Hindus’ ancient holy texts, the Vedas, were harshly denounced by Jyotirao. He used a number of other ancient writings to trace the origins of Brahmanism and accused the Brahmins of creating cruel and exploitative regulations in an effort to preserve their social supremacy by repressing the “shudras” and “atishudras” in society. The Satya Shodhak Samaj’s mission was to rid society of caste prejudice and free the disadvantaged lower caste people from the stigmatization brought on by the Brahmins.
Jyotirao Phule first used the term "Dalits" to describe anyone the Brahmins regarded as belonging to a lower caste and untouchable. The Samaj was open to members of all castes and classes. They even encouraged Jews to join the Samaj, according to some documented accounts. By 1876, the "Satya Shodhak Samaj" had 316 individuals. In 1868, Jyotirao decided to build a communal bathing tank outside of his house to show that he was tolerant of everyone and wanted to eat with anyone, regardless of caste.
Jyotirao Phule died
Jyotirao Phule worked tirelessly throughout his life to end the oppression of the untouchables by Brahmins. In addition to being an activist and social reformer, he was also a successful businessman. He also worked as a contractor and a cultivator for the Municipal Corporation. He served as the Commissioner of the Poona Municipality from 1876 to 1883.
Jyotirao lost his ability to walk in 1888 when he suffered a stroke. On November 28, 1890, the great social reformer Mahatma Jyotirao Phule passed away.
It is Jyotirao Phule's legacy.
The ideas behind Mahatma Jyotirao Phule's never-ending struggle against social stigma are still extremely relevant today, making them possibly his greatest legacy. Jyotirao Phule worked to end caste, class, and color discrimination, but people in the nineteenth century were accustomed to accepting these discriminatory practices as social norms that had to be upheld without question. He was the pioneer of innovative ideas for social reform. He started campaigns to raise awareness, which eventually inspired stalwarts like Mahatma Gandhi and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar to take significant actions to end caste discrimination.
Jyotirao Phule"s Books
His best-known works include:
- Gulamgiri
- Shetkarayacha Aasud
- Tritiya Ratna
- Satyashodhak Samajacha Itihas
- Powada: Chatrapati Shivaji Maharajancha
- Sarvajanik Satyadharma
- Batris Putli
- Brahma-Yagnam
- Tritiya Ratna
- Satsar Ank 1 and 2
These books are written in Marathi, which was Jyotirao Phule's primary language.
Jyotirao Phule: FAQs
Q: What has Jyotirao Phule contributed?
Ans. Jyotirao Phule made a significant contribution to the education of girls and women's empowerment. On November 28, 1890, Jyotirao Phule died. He put a great deal of exertion into liberating ladies and finishing rank and unapproachability. Phule gained the most fame for his efforts to educate women and members of lower castes.
Q: Which of Jyotirao Phule's works is the most well-known?
Ans. The two most popular books by Jyotirao Phule are Shetkarayacha Aasud (Cultivator's Whipcord) and Gulamgiri (Subjugation). Dhananjay Keer, Phule's biographer, claims that Phule was given the title "Mahatma" by Vithalrao Krishnaji Vandekar, a fellow reformer from Bombay.
Q. In a nutshell, who was Jyotirao Phule?
Ans. Jyotirao Govindrao Phule, a social reformer, fought against social problems like untouchability and the caste system. He also fought hard for women's suffrage and girls' education. Phule was born on April 11, 1827, in the region that is now known as Maharashtra. He belonged to the vegetable farmers and gardeners of the Mali caste.
Q: Who was Jyotirao Phule and what brought him fame?
Ans. Jyotirao Phule, an Indian social reformer and creator, battled for equivalent privileges for all individuals, especially for ladies and low-pay laborers. He was a blunt rival of the Hindu standing framework, which relegates an economic wellbeing to people in view of their introduction to the world.
Q: Who is regarded as the founder of the social revolution in India?
Ans. Most people agree that Mahatma Jotirao Phule started the Indian social revolution. He was a social reformer, author, and advocate against caste in Maharashtra.
Q: In what ways did Jyotirao Phule influence the Maharashtra Dalit movement?
Ans. Jyotirao Phule and his wife Savitrirao Phule established the first Dalit girls' school in Pune in 1848. Phule oversaw the establishment of Satyashodhak Samaj—also known as "Seekers of Truth"—in 1848 in an effort to ensure that the lower castes of Maharashtra received equitable social and economic benefits.
Q: Who gave title Mahatma to Jyotirao Phule?
Ans. During his lifetime, Jyotirao Phule was not given the title "Mahatma." Mahatma Gandhi, who was a contemporary of Phule but belonged to a later generation, was primarily associated with the meaning of the title "Mahatma," which means "great soul."
Be that as it may, Jyotirao Phule was alluded to as "Mahatma" by his devotees and admirers after his demise as a characteristic of regard for his commitments to the social, instructive, and political changes in India. His legacy continues to inspire generations of social activists and reformers, and he is widely regarded as one of India's foremost reformers and thinkers of the 19th century.
Q: What was started by Mahatma Jyotirao Phule?
Ans. Mahatma Jyotirao Phule started a number of movements and initiatives in India to push for social, educational, and political reform. His significant contributions include the following:
Women's education: The first school for girls in India was founded in 1848 by Jyotirao and his wife, Savitribai Phule. Their goal was to educate girls from all castes, including Dalits. Their work inspired a number of other social reformers to establish similar schools for girls, despite the fierce opposition they received from the orthodox sections of society.
Samaj Satyashodhak: The Satyashodhak Samaj was established in 1873 by Jyotirao Phule as a social organization with the mission of advocating for the rights and well-being of Dalits and women as well as other socially underserved groups. Additionally, the organization worked to advance scientific temper, social equality, and rationalism.
Movement Against Caste: Jyotirao Phule worked for the Dalits' and other marginalized communities' emancipation and was a vocal opponent of the caste system. He was one of the first social reformers to voice opposition to the caste system's wrongdoings and worked to raise awareness of the significance of social equality.
Reforms in agriculture: Jyotirao Phule was likewise keen on advancing horticultural changes and made progress toward advancing the utilization of logical strategies in cultivating. He set up a cooperative society with the goal of giving farmers credit and encouraging them to use new farming methods.
Mahatma Jyotirao Phule Karj Mafi Yojana: The Mahatma Jyotirao Phule Karj Mafi Yojana is an Indian loan waiver program that was launched in 2017 by the government of Maharashtra. In recognition of Jyotirao Phule's contributions to social change and empowerment, the plan is named after him.
Farmers who meet the eligibility requirements and have taken out loans from banks or other financial institutions are eligible to receive waivers of up to a certain amount of principal and interest. Farmers who are struggling financially and are saddled with debt are the beneficiaries of the plan.
Farmers who took out loans between April 1, 2012, and June 30, 2016 and have an outstanding loan balance of less than Rs are eligible for the program. 1.5 lakhs. The program has helped alleviate the suffering of thousands of farmers in Maharashtra and helped alleviate the state's farmer distress.
It is essential to keep in mind that, despite the fact that the program has been given the name Jyotirao Phule, it has nothing to do with the social reform initiatives or his contributions to the education and empowerment of underprivileged communities.
Q: What Social Ideas Did Jyotirao Phule Support?
Ans. Social reformer and philosopher Jyotirao Phule championed a number of progressive ideas aimed at fostering social equality and empowerment. Jyotirao Phule backs a number of important social ideas, including:
Education for women: Jyotirao Phule was a strong supporter of women's education and believed that women's empowerment could only be achieved through education. He and his better half, Savitribai Phule, began the first school for young ladies in Quite a while in 1848, which was a spearheading exertion towards advancing ladies' schooling.
Abolition of caste: Jyotirao Phule worked to abolish the caste system and was a vocal opponent of it. He accepted that the station framework was a significant obstacle to the advancement of society and the strengthening of the underestimated segments of the general public.
Egality in society: Jyotirao Phule worked to break down the barriers of caste and religion and stood for the idea of social equality. He worked to raise awareness of the importance of social equality and for the rights of Dalits and other socially underrepresented groups.
Rationalism: Rationalist Jyotirao Phule believed in the power of reason and scientific reasoning. He worked to raise awareness of the importance of critical thinking and pushed for the acceptance of rationalism and scientific temper in society.
The empowerment of oppressed people: Jyotirao Phule worked for the empowerment of society's marginalized and oppressed groups. He worked to create opportunities for the social and economic advancement of Dalits, women, and other underrepresented groups and fought for their rights.
In Conclusion, Jyotirao Phule's contributions significantly contributed to the advancement of social, educational, and political reforms in India and motivated a number of other social reformers to pursue similar objectives.
